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1 κείρω
A , [dialect] Ion.κερέω Il.23.146
: [tense] aor.ἔκειρα Pi. P.9.37
, E.Tr. 1173, etc., [dialect] Ep.ἔκερσα Il.13.546
( ἀπο-, in tmesi), A. Supp. 666 (lyr.): [tense] pf. (ii B.C.), ( περι-) Luc. Symp.32:—[voice] Med., [tense] fut. , ( ἀπο-) Pl.Phd. 89b: [tense] aor.ἐκειράμἡν Lys.2.60
, etc., [dialect] Ep. , A.Pers. 953 (lyr.): —[voice] Pass., [tense] aor. 1 part. κερθείς (v.l. καρθ-) Pi.P.4.82: [tense] aor. 2 ἐκάρην [ᾰ] PSI4.368.45 (iii B.C.), subj.κᾰρῇ Hdt.4.127
, inf. κᾰρῆναι, part. καρείς, Luc.Sol.6, Plu.Lys.1: [tense] pf. inf.κεκάρθαι Hdt.2.36
: [dialect] Att. [tense] plpf.ἐκεκάρμην Luc.Lex.5
. (Cf. Skt. kṛṇā´ti 'wound', Lat. caro: prob. also OE. scieran, Eng. shear.):—cut short, shear, clip, esp. of hair, σοί τε κόμην κερέειν (sc. Σπερχειῷ) Il.23.146, cf. Paus.1.37.3; κ. ἐν χρ [τὰς τρίχας] crop it close, Hdt.4.175;ἀλόχων κείραντες ἔθειραν E.Hel. 1124
(lyr.): —more freq. in [voice] Med., cut off one's hair or have it cut off, as a sign of mourning (cf. κουρά), τοῦτο.. γέρας οἶον ὀϊζυροῖσι βροτοῖσι, κείρασθαί τε κόμην βαλέειν τ' ἀπὸ δάκρυ παρειῶν Od.4.198
, cf. 24.46, Il.23.46; ;κείρομαι κόμαν Id.Ph. 322
(lyr.): abs., cut off one's hair,κείρασθε, συμπενθήσατ' Id.HF 1390
;ἐφ' οἷς ἡ πόλις ἐπένθησε καὶ ἐκείρατο Aeschin.3.211
, etc.; l.c.: Com., πρὸς φθεῖρα κείρασθαι to have oneself close shorn, Eub.32:—[voice] Pass.,κουρᾷ.. πενθίμῳ κεκαρμένος E.Or. 458
; σύμβολον κ. half- cropped, Hermipp.14;τὰ ῥόδα κ. Pherecr.108.29
; also, of the hair, to be cut off,πλόκαμοι κερθέντες Pi.P.4.82
;βοστρύχους κεκαρμένους E.El. 515
.2 crop a person, σφέας αὐτοὺς καὶ τοὺς ἵππους, in sign of mourning, Hdt.9.24; κεκάρθαι τὰς κεφαλάς to have their heads shorn, Id.2.36;Θρᾳκιστὶ κέκαρμαι Theoc.14.46
; v. χρώς 1.2, ἐγκυτί; shear sheep,μάχαιραι κουρίδες, αἷς κείρομεν τὰ πρόβατα καὶ τοὺς ποιμένας Cratin.37
; κείρεσθαί ( tonderi) μου τὰ πρόβατα, ἀλλ' οὐκ ἀποξύρεσθαι ( deglubi) βούλομαι Tiber. ap. D.C. 57.10 (cf. infr. 3); τὸ μὲν [καρῆναι] ἐπὶ προβάτων τιθέασι καὶ ἐπὶ ἀτίμου κουρᾶς (cf. Luc.Sol.6),κείρασθαι δὲ ἐπὶ ἀνθρώπων Phryn.292
; but τῶν Ἀργείων ἐπὶ πένθει καρέντων Plu.l.c.; (Jul. Antec.).3 metaph., 'fleece', plunder,τὴν μάμμην Herod.3.39
.II cut down,δοῦρ' ἐλάτης κέρσαντες Il. 24.450
; ; crop close, opp. ἐπιτέμνειν, Thphr.CP3.23.3; pluck,ἄνθη Philostr. VA1.5
: metaph.,ἐκ λεχέων κ. μελιαδέα ποίαν Pi.P.9.37
;Ἄρης κέρσειεν ἄωτον A.Supp. 666
(lyr.).2 ravage a country, esp. by cutting down crops and fruit-trees,τὸ πεδίον Hdt.5.63
;τέμενος Id.6.75
, cf. OGI765.10 ([place name] Priene);τὴν γῆν Hdt.6.99
, Th. 1.64;χώραν Aen.Tact.15.9
; destroy,πόλιν Call.Fr.1.60
P.; also, clear, of pioneers,ὄρος Hdt.7.131
:—[voice] Pass., of a country, to be ravaged,καρῆναι Id.4.127
, cf. 8.65;κεκαρμένα κτήματα SIG364.67
(Ephesus, iii B.C.):—[voice] Med., χθὼν πεύκας κειραμένη having its pine-trees cut down, AP9.106 (Leon.);ἄρουραι λήϊα κειράμεναι Ps.-Phoc.166
: metaph., Σπάρτη.. ἐκείρατο δόξαν had her glory shorn off, Epigr. ap. Paus. 9.15.6; Ἄρης νυχίαν πλάκα κερσάμενος having had the plain swept clean (by destroying the men), A.Pers. 953 (lyr.).3 ἔκειρε πολύκερων φόνον slaughtered many a horned beast by hewing, S.Aj.55.III generally, destroy, consume:1 tear, eat greedily, of beasts, κείρει τ' εἰσελθὼν βαθὺ λήϊον [ὄνος] Il.11.560; of fish,δημὸν.. ἐπινεφρίδιον κείροντες 21.204
; of vultures,ἧπαρ ἔκειρον Od.11.578
, cf. Luc.DDeor. 1.1, DMort.30.1.2 metaph., waste, devour,ἐκείρετε πολλὰ καὶ ἐσθλὰ κτήματ' ἐμά Od.2.312
;ἔκειρον κτήματ' ἐνὶ μεγάρῳ 22.369
, etc.: abs., κείρετε (sc. βίοτον) 1.378. -
2 ἀποκείρω
A :—clip, cut off, properly of hair, mostly in [voice] Med.,ξανθὴν ἀπεικείρατο χαίτην Il.23.141
; ἀποκείρασθαι τὰς κεφαλάς to have their hair shorn close, Hdt.6.21:abs., cut off one's hair,Ar.
Nu. 836; esp. in token of mourning, Is.4.7:—in [voice] Act., X.Eq.5.8, Thphr.Char.21.3, Luc.Pisc.46; tear out,ἧπαρ Id.Prom.2
:—[voice] Pass., δὶς ἀποκαρέντα πρόβατα twice shorn or clipped, D.S.1.36; ἀποκεκαρμένος ἐν χρῷ, ἀ. σκάφιον, of peculiar fashions of hair-cutting, Ar.Th. 838, Luc.DMeretr.5.3: c. acc., ἀπὸ στεφάναν κέκαρσαι πύργων thou hast been shorn of thy crown of towers, E.Hec. 910; butἀ. τινὰ τῶν γενείων Philostr.VA7.34
.2 metaph., cheat,τοὺς παχεῖς Luc. Alex.6
.II generally, cut through, sever,ἀπὸ δ' ἄμφω κέρσε τένοντε Il.10.456
;ἀπὸ δὲ φλέβα πᾶσαν ἔκερσεν 13.546
.III metaph., cut off, slay, (lyr.);ἀπέκειρε τὴν ἀκμὴν τῆς Σπάρτης Demad.12
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀποκείρω
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3 κείρω
κείρω, fut. inf. κερέειν, aor. 1 ἔκερσα, κέρσε, mid. part. κειρόμενος, ipf. κείροντο, aor. inf. κείρασθαι: shear, shear off, cut down; κόμην, δοῦρα, τένοντε, Il. 23.146, Ω , Il. 10.546; then ‘consume,’ ‘waste,’ κτήματα, βίοτον, Od. 2.312, 143; fig., μάχης ἐπὶ (adv.) μήδεα κείρει, ‘cuts short,’ Il. 15.467; mid., cut off one's own hair (as an offering to the dead), Il. 23.46, Od. 4.198.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > κείρω
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4 τέμνω
τέμνω (A), [dialect] Ion., [dialect] Dor., and [dialect] Ep. [full] τάμνω, Il.3.105, al. ( τέμνω once in Hom., Od.3.175), Hdt.2.65, Democr.263, Hp.Acut.22, SIG1026.20 (Cos, [voice] Pass.), cf. ἀποτέμνω, διατέμνω: [ per.] 3sg. [tense] pres. [full] τέμει only in Il. 13.707 ([ per.] 2sg. τέμεις prob. in Epigr. ap. Suid.A s.v. βοῦς ἕβδομος): τέμνω is f.l. in Pi.P.3.68 and v.l. in O.13.57, cf. τάμνω ib.12.6, B.5.17, 16.4, but is the only [dialect] Att. [tense] pres., Th.3.26, IG12.76.56, etc. (v. also τμήγω): Iterat.τέμνεσκον A.R.1.1215
, Q.S.6.217: [tense] fut. , Th.1.82, etc.; [dialect] Ion.τεμέω Hp.Jusj.
: [tense] aor. [dialect] Ion. and [dialect] Dor. ἔτᾰμον, [dialect] Ep. τάμον, Il.3.292, al., SIG4.10 (Cyzicus, vi B.C.), Pi. N.3.33, Hdt.7.132; [dialect] Ep. inf.ταμέειν Il.19.197
; [dialect] Att.ἔτεμον Th.6.7
, IG22.1666A8, etc.: [tense] pf. , ([etym.] ἀπο-) Pl.Men. 85a; [dialect] Dor.[ per.] 3sg.τετμάκει Archim.Con.Sph.22
,26; [dialect] Ion. and [dialect] Ep. part. (in pass. sense) τετμηώς A.R4.156:—[voice] Med., [tense] fut. τεμοῦμαι ([etym.] ὑπο-) Ar. Eq. 291 (lyr.), X.Cyr.1.4.19, etc.: [tense] aor. ἐταμόμην, inf.ταμέσθαι Il.9.580
; [dialect] Att. ([etym.] ἀπ-), Luc.Pr.Im.24:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.τμηθήσομαι Arist.LI 968b17
; [dialect] Dor.τμα- Archim.Aequil.2.2
; alsoτετμήσομαι Philostr.VA4.24
, ([etym.] ἐκ-) Pl.R. 564c: [tense] aor. , Th.2.18, etc.; [dialect] Dor.ἐτμα- Archim.Con.Sph.11
: [tense] pf.τέτμημαι Od.17.195
, Th.3.26, etc.; [dialect] Dor.τετμα- Archim.Con.Sph.12
(τετμη- Pi.I.6(5).22
codd.):— cut, in Hom. and elsewhere usu. of particular kinds of cutting (v. infr.); generally, ὀδόντας οἵους τέμνειν fit for cutting, X.Mem.1.4.6; τοιοῦτον τμῆμα τέμνεται τὸ τεμνόμενον, οἷον τὸ τέμνον τέμνει; Pl.Grg. 476d.2 cut, wound, maim,ἀλλήλων ταμέειν χρόα χαλκῷ Il.13.501
, 16.761; πρὸς δέρην τ. wound her in the neck, A.Eu. 592; οἱ στενοὶ (sc. τελαμῶνες) τέμνουσι narrow bandages cut the patient, Sor.1.83.3 of a surgeon, cut,ἐκ μηροῦ τ. βέλος Il.11.844
;τ. τὰν κοιλίαν IG42(1).122.40
(Epid., iv B.C.); τὴν χεῖρα (in blood-letting) Gal.16.810: abs., use the knife, as opp. to cautery ([etym.] κάειν), ἤτοι κέαντες ἢ τεμόντες A.Ag. 849
, cf. X.An.5.8.18, Pl.Grg. 456b, 480c, 521e, etc.:— [voice] Pass., to be operated upon, Hp.Aph.7.44, Pl.Grg. 479a.5 prune vines, LXX Le.25.3, cf. Is.5.6 ([voice] Pass.); cut, i.e. gather, herbs, Dsc.3.132 ([voice] Pass.).II cut up, cut to pieces, of animals, Il.9.209; τ. μελεϊστί, διὰ μελεϊστί, κατὰ μέλη, 24.409, Od.9.291, Pi.O.1.49;τ. ἰχθῦς Hdt.2.65
, cf. 3.42, etc.:—[voice] Med.,ταμνομένους κρέα πολλά Od.24.364
.b slaughter, sacrifice,ταμέειν Διί τ' Ἠελίῳ τε Il.19.197
; σφάγια τ. E.Supp. 1196:—[voice] Pass.,σφάγια τέμνεται Id.Heracl. 400
.2 ὅρκια τάμνειν sacrifice in attestation of an oath, and hence, take solemn oaths, Il.2.124, Od.24.483, etc. (also in late Prose, as Plb.21.24.3, 21.32.15, al.); , etc.; θάνατόν νύ τοι ὅρκι' ἔταμνον I made a truce which was death to thee, 4.155; ἐπὶ τούτοισι τ. ὅρκιον on these terms, Hdt.7.132; without ὅρκιον, τ. τισὶ μένειν τὸ ὅρκιον make a covenant that.., Id.4.201; alsoσπονδὰς τέμωμεν E.Hel. 1235
; ἆρα φίλιά μοι τεμεῖ; Id.Supp. 376 (lyr.):—[voice] Med., of two parties,ὅρκια τάμνεσθαι Hdt.4.70
.3 φάρμακον τέμνειν cut or chop up a plant for purposes of medicine or witchcraft, Pl.Lg. 836b: metaph., ib. 919b, Ep. 353e: hence πόρον or ἄκος τέμνειν contrive a means or remedy, A.Supp. 807 (lyr., dub.l.), E.Andr. 121 (lyr.).4 divide, of a river, μέσην τ. Λιβύην cut it in twain, Hdt.2.33, cf. E.El. 411; of a mountain-chain, D.P.340, 890; τ. δίχα cleave in two, Pl.Smp. 190d:-[voice] Med., ἑπτὰ μέρη τεμόμενος having divided it into seven parts, Id.Lg. 695c:—[voice] Pass.,γραμμὴ δίχα τετμημένη Id.R. 509d
; τετμημένος ἐξ ἑνὸς δύο cut from one into two, Id.Smp. 191d.b διὰ τῆς δριμυφαγίας εἰ καὶ τὸ πάχος τέμνοιτο τοῦ γάλακτος were to be diluted, thinned, Sor.1.98;ἡ τῆς πτισάνης [ὕλη] τ. καὶ ὑγραίνει τὰ τῆς ἀναπτύσεως δεόμενα Gal.15.507
, cf. 6.352, 14.742; , cf. Vict.Att.1, al.5 divide logically,τ. δίχα Pl.Phlb. 49a
, Plt. 287b; τ. τὸν ἀριθμὸν ἀρτίῳ καὶ περιττῷ into even and odd, ib. 262e, cf. 266e, al.; εἰς δύο μέρη τέμνουσι [ τὴν πραγματείαν] Sor. 1.1:—[voice] Pass.,διχῇ τέμνεσθαι Pl.Sph. 223c
.III cut off, severἐκ κεφαλέων τρίχας Il.3.273
;κεφαλὴν ἀπὸ δειρῆς 18.177
;δρακόντοιν κάρα A.Ch. 1047
, cf. S.Ph. 619;λαιμούς τινος Ar.Av. 1560
; πλόκον, φόβας, βόστρυχον, S.Aj. 1179, El. 449, 901 ([voice] Pass.), etc.;τράχηλον σώματος χωρίς E.Ba. 241
; Ὕδραν τ. Pl.R. 426e: with double acc., ἐρινεὸν ὀξέϊ χαλκῷ τάμνε νέους ὄρπηκας cut the branches off the fig-tree, Il.21.38 ( ἐρινεοῦ cj. Agar):—[voice] Pass., τρίχας ἐτμήθην had them cut off, E.Tr. 480.2 part off, mark off,τέλσον ἀρούρης Il.13.707
;τέμενος 6.194
; so in [voice] Med., 9.580; also τάμνοντ' ἀμφὶ βοῶν ἀγέλας they cut them off, surrounded them, 18.528.IV cut down, fell, of trees and timber, δένδρεα, δρῦς, φιτρούς, 11.88, 23.119, Od.12.11, etc.; ; τίς.. ἔτεμε τὰν δακρυόεσσαν Ἰλίῳ πεύκαν; E.Hel. 231 (lyr.);τ. ὕλην Th.2.98
; τ. ξύλα ἐκ τοῦ Κιθαιρῶνος ib.75;χάρακας ἐκ τοῦ τεμένους Id.3.70
:—[voice] Pass., [μελίη] χαλκῷ ταμνομένη Il.13.180
;ῥόπαλον τετμημένον Od.17.195
; ἡ ὕλη ἡ τετμ. the felled timber, D.42.30:—[voice] Med., δοῦρα τάμνεσθαι fell oneself timber, Od.5.243, cf. Hdt.5.82, E.Hec. 634 (lyr.).2 λίθον τ. hew or quarry it, IG12.76.56, cf. 22.1666A8, 42(1).102.41, al. (Epid., iv B.C.), Pl.Criti. 116a, PPetr.2p.6 (iii B.C.), D.S.5.13; τ. μέταλλον open or work a mine, Hyp.Eux.35 ([voice] Pass.):—[voice] Med., λίθους τάμνεσθαι have them wrought or hewn, Hdt.1.186.3 cut down for purposes of destruction,γῆς τ. βλαστήματα E.Hec. 1204
;τ. τὸν σῖτον X.Mem.2.1.13
; also τ. τὴν γῆν lay waste the country by felling the fruit-trees, cutting the corn, etc., Hdt.9.86, cf. Th.2.19,55, And.3.8 ([voice] Pass.);τῆς γῆς ἔτεμον οὐ πολλήν Th.6.7
: c. partit. gen., τῆς γῆς τ. waste part of it, Id.1.30, 2.56:—[voice] Pass., ib.18,20.V cut into shape,δέρμα βόειον Od.14.24
;ἱμάντας ἐκ τοῦ δέρματος Hdt.5.25
:—[voice] Med.,νομέας ταμόμενοι Id.1.194
.2 τ. ὁδόν cut or make a road,τ. ὁδοὺς εὐθείας Th.2.100
;τ. διάπλους ἐκ τῶν διωρύχων Pl.Criti. 118e
;τάφρον τεμέσθαι PHal.1.107
(iii B.C.); ὁ τέμνων (sc. τὴν τάφρον) ib. 110: metaph., ὀχετοὺς ἐπὶ τὸν πλεύμονα ἔτεμον carried channels or ducts to the lungs, Pl.Ti. 70d, cf. 77c;οὐκ.. ἐγὼ πρῶτος ταύτην ἐτεμόμην τὴν ὁδόν Luc.Pr.Im.24
:—[voice] Pass.,μυρίαι τέτμηνται κέλευθοι Pi.I.6(5).22
;οὐ τετμημένων [τῶν] ὁδῶν Hdt.4.136
, etc.b make one's way, advance,ὦ τὴν ἐν ἄστροις.. τέμνων ὁδὸν.. Ἥλιε E.Ph. 1
;διὰ μέσου.. αἰθέρος τέμνων κέλευθον Ar.Th. 1100
; τὴν μεσόγαιαν τ. τῆς ὁδοῦ take the inland road, strike through the interior, Hdt.7.124, 9.89: metaph., μέσον τι τέμνειν hold a middle course, Pl.Prt. 338a; τὴν μέσην τ. Plu.2.7b; μέσον τινὰ [ βίον] τ. Pl.Lg. 793a;βιότοιο τ. τρίβον AP9.359
(Posidipp. or Pl.Com.), 360 (Metrod.): abs., make one's way, A.R.2.1244, 4.771.3 of ships, cut through the waves, plough the sea, τ. πέλαγος μέσον, κύματα θαλάσσης, Od.3.175, 13.88, cf. Pi.P.3.68: metaph., ψεύδη.. τάμνοισαι κυλίνδοντ' ἐλπίδες men's hopes are tossed about as they cut through the sea of lies, Id.O.12.6: of birds, αἰθέρος αὔλακα τ. cleave the air, Ar.Av. 1400, cf. h.Cer. 383, E.Epigr.2.VII cut short, bring to a crisis or decision,μαχᾶν τ. τέλος Pi.O.13.57
;κίνδυνον τ. σιδάρῳ E.Heracl. 758
(lyr.);λόγῳ τὰ διάφορα τεμεῖν Lib.Or.18.164
; τὰς δίκας τ. Cod.Just.3.1.12, cf. 2.12.27.2, al.------------------------------------ -
5 συντέμνω
συντέμνω, [dialect] Ion. [suff] συντελ-τάμνω Hdt.7.123: [tense] fut. - τεμῶ: [tense] aor. - έτεμον:—A cut down, cut short,ξ. τὰς πρῴρας ἐς ἔλασσον Th.7.36
; σ. χιτῶνας cut out, shape them, X.Cyr.8.2.5; συντέμνει δ' ὅρος ὑγρᾶς θαλάσσης the sea cuts short, terminates (my realm), A.Supp. 258; σ. τὰς πλεκτάνας cut them off, Alex.187, cf. 84.2 metaph.,εἰς ἓν.. πάντα τὰ μέλη ξυντεμῶ Ar.Ra. 1262
;τὸν ἐνιαυτὸν σ. εἰς μῆν' ἕνα Philippid.25.1
; τιμὰς ξ. abridge them, A.Eu. 227; :—[voice] Med.,πάντα τοι ξυντέμνεται Κύπρις.. βουλεύματα S.Fr.941.16
.3 esp. of expenses,σ. τὴν μισθοφοράν Th.8.45
; σ. τὰς δαπάνας εἰς τὰ καθ' ἡμέραν cut down one's expenses to one's daily wants, X.Hier.4.9:—[voice] Pass., εἰ.. ἐς εὐτέλειάν τι ξυντέτμηται (v.εὐτέλεια 11
) Th.8.86; συντμηθῆναι τὴν σύνταξιν that my allowance has been cut down, PCair.Zen.577.11 (iii B.C.).II of speech,ἐν βραχεῖ πολλοὺς λόγους Ar. Th. 178
, cf. Aeschin.2.31;σύντεμνέ μοι τὰς ἀποκρίσεις καὶ βραχυτέρας ποίει Pl.Prt. 334d
: then ( λόγον being omitted), cut the matter short, speak briefly,ὡς δὲ συντέμω E.Tr. 441
;ἅπαντα συντεμὼν φράσω Id.Hec. 1180
; σύντεμνε cut short, make an end, Mnesim.3.4;οἶνον εἰπὲ συντεμών Antiph.52.12
; συντεμόντι, like συνελόντι εἰπεῖν, in brief, Anaxil.22.30: also ς. (sc. τὴν ὁδόν) cut the way short, cut across,σ. ἀπ' Ἀμπέλου ἄκρης ἐπὶ Καναστραῖον ἄκρην Hdt.7.123
.III intr., τοῦ χρόνου συντάμνοντος as the time became short, Id.5.41.V cut together, join by an incision, ap. Orib.44.23.69.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > συντέμνω
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6 κλάδος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `branch, twig, sprout' (IA., Arist., Thphr.), also a few cases of monosyllabic κλαδ- in κλαδ-ί, κλάδ-α, - ας and of an s-stem in κλάδεσι, - έεσσι, - έων (after δένδρεσι etc.?);Compounds: Compp., e. g. ὀλιγό-κλαδος (Thphr.), κλαδο-τομέω (pap.).Derivatives: Diminut. κλάδιον (Lib., pap.) and κλαδίσκος (Gal.); κλαδεών (Orph.), κλαδών (H.) = κλάδος; κλαδώδης `full of branches' (sch., Eust.), κλάδινος = rameus (Gloss.). Denomin. verb κλαδεύω `cut off branches, clip' (Artem.; - έω Arr.) with κλάδευσις (Aq., Sm., Gp.), κλαδεία (Gp.) `cutting off..., clipping', κλαδευτήρια pl. `pruned leaves' (Gloss.), κλαδευτής `pruner' (Gloss.), κλαδευτήριον, - ια `pruning knife, -festival' (H.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: One often connects * kelh₂- `cut off' (but Pok. 545ff. contains much irrelevant material). But this cannot give the Greek form. The connection with the Germ. word for ` Holz, Wald', OIc. OE holt n. etc. is probably wrong. That both forms can be derived from IE. *kl̥do- must be accidental, and there is no root * kel- without laryneal. Kluge-Seebold notes *kl̥h₂d- [there clearly is a misprint]; a Greek pre-form * klǝd- is impossible since the laryngeal theory: it should be *kl̥h₂d- which would have given *κλᾱδος. For the realia one referred to J. Trier, Holz (Münster-Köln 1952) p. 43ff. Mostly connected with κλάω `break off' (s. v.), but with a pre-Greek (i.e. from before hist. Greek) dental enlargement. Independent of κλάδος is the δ-formation of κλαδαρός `invalid' (s. v.); further καλαδία ἑυκάνη (= `plane') H. [LSJ gives ῥυκάνη (`plane-tree'); thus Frisk s.v.; but this lemma does not exist in H.] with diff. ablaut, s.s.v. - Outside Greek one connects Lat. clādēs `damage etc.', but this requires * klh₂d-, which is impossible for Greek ; and Slav., e. g. Russ.-Csl. klada, Russ. kolodá `beam, block, trunk', on whch I have no opinion. Kuiper GS Kretschmer 121f connected with κλάδος κλών, κλῶναξ, with nasalization (replacement of a stop by the nasal of that series) of the δ; cf. κλῶναξ κλάδος H. Further Pok. 546f..Page in Frisk: 1,864-865Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κλάδος
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7 ἀπολαμβάνω
A- λάμψομαι 3.146
, 9.38: [dialect] Att. [tense] pf. ἀπείληφα, [voice] Pass. ἀπείλημμαι, [dialect] Ion. ἀπολέλαμμαι: in [voice] Act. [tense] aor. 2 ἀπέλαβον, but in [voice] Pass. [tense] aor. 1 ἀπελήφθην, [dialect] Ion.ἀπελάμφθην Hdt.
:— take or receive from another, correlat. to ἀποδιδόναι, Pl.R. 332b; οὐδὲν ἀ. τοῦ βίου χρηστόν (v.l. ἀπολαύ-) Plu.2.258b.2 receive what is one's due,μισθόν Hdt.8.137
;ἀ. τὸν ὀφειλόμενον μισθόν X.An.7.7.14
;τὴν σὴν ξυνάορον E.Or. 654
;τὰ χρήματα Ar.Nu. 1274
;τὰ παρὰ τοῦ πατρός Antiph. 196
; ἀ. χρέα have them paid, And.3.15;ὑπόσχεσιν παρά τινος ἀ. X.Smp.3.3
;τὰ δίκαια Aeschin.1.196
: opp. λαμβάνω, Epist. Phil. ap. D.12.14, cf. D.7.5; ἀ. ὅρκους accept them when tendered, Id.5.9, 18.27.3 take of, take a part of a thing, Th.6.87, Pl.Hp.Mi. 369b;ἀ. μέρος τι Id.R. 392e
, cf. Arist.Po. 1459a35: abs. in [tense] aor. part., ἀπολαβὼν σκόπει consider it separately, Pl.Grg. 495e, cf. R. 420c.II regain, recover, τὴν τυραννίδα, τὴν πόλιν, Hdt.1.61, 2.119, 3.146, al.;τι παρά τινος Th.5.30
;τὴν ἡλεμονίαν Isoc.4.21
;τὴν αὐτὴν εὐερλεσίαν 14.57
: metaph., ἀ. ἑαυτόν recover oneself, Porph.Sent.40, al.III take apart or aside, of persons,ἀ. τινὰ μοῦνον Hdt.1.209
;αὐτὸν μόνον Ar. Ra.78
, cf. LXX 2 Ma.6.21; of things, :—[voice] Med., ἀπολαβόμενος taking him aside, Ev.Marc.7.33:—[voice] Pass., οἱ ἀπειλημμένοι those set apart, recluses, UPZ60.10 (ii B.C.).IV cut off, intercept,λέγων ὡς ἀπολάμψοιτο συχνούς Hdt.9.38
; ἀ. τείχει wall off, Th.4.102;ἰσθμούς Id.1.7
, cf. 4.113; ἀ. εἴσω shut up inside, Id.1.134; of contrary winds, ;κἂν ἄνεμοι τὴν ναῦν ἀπολάβωσιν Philostr.Her.14
; τὴν ἀναπνοὴν ἀ. τινός stop his breath, choke him, Plu.Rom.27;τὸν ἀντίπαλον ἐς πνῖγμα Philostr.Im.1.6
;ἀ. τῶν σιτίων
spoil the appetite,Hp.
Prorrh.2.22:—freq. in [voice] Pass., ὑπ' ἀνέμων ἀπολαμφθέντες arrested or stopped by contrary winds, Hdt.2.115, 9.114;ὑπὸ ἀπλοίας Th.6.22
; ;ἐν ὀλίγῳ ἀπολαμφθέντες Hdt.8.11
;ἀπολαμφθέντες πάντοθεν Id.5.101
;ἐν τῇ νήσῳ Id.8.70
,76; ἐν τῆ Εὐρώπη ib.97, 108; ἐν τοῖς ἰδίοις λόγοις ἀ. to be entangled in.., Pl. Euthd. 305d;ἐν τούτῳ τῷ κακῷ Id.Grg. 522a
;ἐς στενόν Philostr. VS1.19.1
; of an afflux of blood, to be checked, Hp.Fract.4; κοιλίη, κύστις ἀπολελαμμένη, Id.Prorrh.1.88, 115, etc.V Math., cut off,ἡμικύκλιον ἀποληφθήσεται Arist.Mete. 375b27
, cf. Archim.Quadr. 15, etc.; intercept, Id.Sph.Cyl.1.10; -ομένη, ἡ, abscissa, Apollon.Perg.Con.1.11, al.—A prose word, used by E. ll.cc.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀπολαμβάνω
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8 κόπτω
Aκόψω Hippon.83
, Men.Pk.64, etc.: [tense] aor. ἔκοψα, [dialect] Ep.κόψα Il.13.203
: [tense] pf. κέκοφα (ἐκ-) X.HG6.5.37, ( περι-) Lys.14.42, ( συγ-) Pl.Tht. 169b; [dialect] Ep. part.κεκοπώς Il.13.60
(v.l. -φώς, -πών), Od.18.335:—[voice] Med., [tense] fut. : [tense] aor.ἐκοψάμην Hdt.4.166
:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut. κεκόψομαι ( ἀπο-) Ar.Nu. 1125, (ἐκ-) Id.Ra. 1223, ( κατα-) X.An.1.5.16, , Gal.13.759: [tense] aor. , Ar.Ra. 723, Th.8.13: [tense] pf. :— cut, strike,1 smite,ο' ἀμφὶ κάρη κεκοπὼς χερσὶ στιβαρῇσι Od.18.335
: c. dupl. acc., κόψε δὲ παπτήναντα παρήϊον smote him on the cheek, Il.23.690.2 smite with weapons,κόπτοντες δούρεσσι μετάφρενον Od.8.528
;τοῖσι Πέρσῃσι εἵποντο κόπτοντες Hdt.6.113
: metaph. in [voice] Pass., with play on words,αἰεὶ κόπτῃ ῥήμασι καὶ κοπίσιν AP11.335
.3 smite, slaughter an animal with an axe or mallet,κόψας ἐξόπιθεν κεράων βοός Il.17.521
, cf. Od.14.425, X.An.2.1.6; in Trag., A.Ag. 1278, Eu. 635, E.El. 838.4 cut off, chop off,κεφαλὴν ἀπὸ δειρῆς κόψεν Il.13.203
;χεῖράς τ' ἠδὲ πόδας κόπτον Od.22.477
;κ. [τὰ γέρρα] ταῖς μαχαίραις X.An.4.6.26
; κ. δένδρα cut down or fell trees, Th.2.75, X. HG5.2.39,43; κ. τὴν χώραν lay it waste, ib.3.2.26, 4.6.5:—in [voice] Pass., of ships, to be shattered, disabled by the enemy, Th.4.14,8.13:—metaph.,φρενῶν κεκομμένος A.Ag. 479
(lyr.); τὸν ὕπνον ἁ φροντὶς κόπτοισα preventing, Theoc.21.28; [πνεῦμα] κοπτόμενον being suddenly stopped, arrested, Arist.Mete. 367a10.5 strike, beat a horse, to make him go faster,κόψε δ' Ὀδυσσεὺς τόξῳ Il.10.513
; also σκηπανίῳ Γαιήοχος ἀμφοτέρω (sc. Αἴαντε)κεκοπὼς πλῆσεν μένεος 13.60
.6 hammer, forge,κόπτε δὲ δεσμούς 18.379
, Od.8.274; later, stamp metal, i.e. coin money,κ. νόμισμα IG12(5).480.11
(Siphnos, Athenian Law), Xenoph.4, Hdt.3.56:—[voice] Med., coin oneself money, order to be coined,κ. χρυσοῦ καὶ ἀργύρου νόμισμα Id.1.94
, cf. 4.166:—[voice] Pass., of money, to be stamped or coined, [νομίσμασιν] μόνοις ὀρθῶς κοπεῖσι Ar.Ra. 723
, cf. 726.7 knock or rap at, , Pl. 1097, And. 1.41, X.HG5.4.7, Men.Epit. 538, Phld.Vit.p.30 J., Plu.Alc.8, etc.; without θύραν, οὗτος, τί κόπτεις; Ar.Ec. 976.8 pound, bray in a mortar,κυπἐρου κεκομμένου Hdt.4.71
; ἀσταφίδα κεκ. Alex.127.4; ἔλαιον κεκ., i.e. pure oil, LXX 3 Ki.5.11.9 knock, dash about,τὸ ὕδωρ ὅταν κοπῇ Pl.Ti. 60b
;κόνις.. κοπτομένη.. ὑφ' ἅρμασι Hes. Sc.63
;θάλασσα κοπτομένη πνοιαῖς Theoc.22.16
.10 of birds, peck, Arist.HA 609b5; ὁ ἁλιάετος.. τὰ λιμναῖα κ. preys on the lagoon life, ib. 593b24; σπειρὴν κ. peck at, Arat.449; of fish, gnaw, Arist.HA 620b17; of a snake, strike, Il.12.204:—[voice] Pass., of wood or seeds, to be worm-eaten, Thphr.HP3.18.5, 8.11.2.b munch, masticate, dub. in Chionid.6.11 ὁ ἵππος κ. τὸν ἀναβάτην jars his rider by his paces, X.Eq.1.4:—[voice] Pass., ib.8.7, Hp.Aër.21.12 κ. ὄνους dress, prepare mill-stones for use, Alex.13; set, sharpen, Herod.6.84:—[voice] Med., AP 11.253 (Lucill.).13 metaph., tire out, weary,μήθ' ὑμῖν ἐνοχλῶ μήτ' ἐμαυτὸν κ. D.Prooem.29
, cf. Alciphr.2.3;λέγων φαίνου τι δὴ καινὸν.., ἢ μὴ κόπτε με Hegesipp.1.3
, cf. Sosip.1.20;μὴ κόπτ' ἔμ', ἀλλὰ τὰ κρέα Alex.173.12
;κ. τὴν ἀκρόασιν D.H.Comp.19
;κ. τὰ ὦτα Poll.6.119
;κ. ἐρωτήμασιν ἀκαίροις Plu.Phoc.7
, cf. Moer.p.74 P.:—[voice] Pass., to be worn out, .II [voice] Med. κόπτομαι, beat or strike oneself, beat one's breast or head through grief,κεφαλὴν δ' ὅ γε κόψατο χερσίν Il.22.33
, cf. Hdt.2.121.δ (also [voice] Act. τί κόπτεις τὴν κεφαλήν; Men.Her.4);κόπτεσθαι μέτωπα Hdt.6.58
(with μαχαίρῃσι added 2.61): abs., Pl.Phd. 60b, R. 619c: [tense] pf. [voice] Pass., [πόλις] κέκοπται A.Pers. 683
:—[voice] Act. c. acc. cogn.,ἐκοψα κομμὸν Ἄριον Id.Ch. 423
(lyr.).2 κόπτεσθαί τινα mourn for any one,κόπτεσθ' Ἄδωνιν Ar.Lys. 396
, cf. Ev.Luc.8.52; but alsoἐπί τινα Apoc.1.7
, 18.9 (v.l. αὐτῇ). (Cf. Lith. kapóti, Lett. kapāt 'chop small', 'beat', 'stamp', Lat. capo 'capon', perh. σκέπαρνον.) -
9 προτέμνω
II cut off in front, cut short,κορμὸν ἐκ ῥίζης προταμών Od. 23.196
; prune vines, PLond.1.131.375, al. (i A.D.).III [voice] Med., cut forward or in front of one, εἰ ὦλκα διηνεκέα προταμοίμην if in ploughing I cut an unbroken furrow before me, Od.18.375; but προταμέσθαι ἀρούρας mow them before, A.R.3.1387.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > προτέμνω
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10 ἀκρωτηριάζω
A cut off ἀκρωτήρια, of ships, τὰς πρῴρας ἠκρωτηρίασαν cut the beaks off the prows, Hdt.3.59:—so in [voice] Med.,τὰς τριήρεις ἀκρωτηριασάμενος X.HG6.2.36:—[voice] Pass., Ath.12.535d.
2 of persons, cut off hands and feet, mutilate, Plb.5.54.10, etc.; ῥῖνα, πρόσωπον, Clearch. 8, Plu.Alc.18; χεῖρας σὺν αὐτοῖς τοῖς βραχίοσιν D.S.34.8; ὄργανον, of circumcision, Ph.2.211; μηδὲν ἀκρωτηριάσῃς ἐνθάδε, Inscr. on statue, CIG6855:—so in [voice] Med., μέλη LXX 4 Ma.18.20: inetaph., ἠκρωτηριασμένοι τὰς πατρίδας D.18.296; ἀ. τὴν ἀρετήν τινος Max.Tyr. 5.8.
4 metaph., mutilate, maim, τῇ συγκοπῇ τὸ μέγεθος Longin.39.4; πρᾶγμα POxy. 237 vi 7 (ii A. D.); θείαν φύσιν Heraclit.All.26.
II intr., form a promontory, jut out like one, Plb.4.43.2, Str.2.1.40.
Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀκρωτηριάζω
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11 αποτμητέον
ἀποτμητέονone must cut off: masc acc sgἀποτμητέονone must cut off: neut nom /voc /acc sgἀποτμητέοςmasc /fem acc sgἀποτμητέοςneut nom /voc /acc sg -
12 ἀποτμητέον
ἀποτμητέονone must cut off: masc acc sgἀποτμητέονone must cut off: neut nom /voc /acc sgἀποτμητέοςmasc /fem acc sgἀποτμητέοςneut nom /voc /acc sg -
13 κατακόπτω
+ V 3-6-10-1-2=22 Gn 14,5.7; Nm 14,45; Jos 10,10; 11,8A: to cut in pieces, to cut down, to destroy [τι] 2 Chr 15,16; id. [τινα] Gn 14,5; to cut off [τι] Is 18,5; to cut down with [τινα ἔν τινι] (semit., rendering Hebr. נכה hi.) Jer 20,4P: to be slain, to be killed 2 Mc 1,13λίθους κατακεκομμένους stones broken to pieces Is 27,9; κατακόψουσιν τὰς ῥομφαίας αὐτῶν εἰς ἄροτρα they shall beat their swords into ploughshares Mi 4,3*JgsB 20,43 κατέκοπτον they cut down-כתתו or כרתו for MT כתרו surrounded; *Am 1,5 καὶ κατακόψω and I will cut in pieces-ודומה or ודמיתי I will bring to an end for MT ותומך and the one who supports, who holds, cpr. Hos 4,5; *Zph 1,11 τὴν κατακεκομμένην that had been broken down-שׁמכת שׁכת for MT שׁהמכת the Mortar (place in Jerusalem) -
14 αἴρω
αἴρω fut. ἀρῶ; 1 aor. ᾖρα (ἦρα v.l.; TestAbr; GrBar); pf. ἦρκα Col 2:14. Pass.: 1 fut. ἀρθήσομαι; 1 aor. ἤρθην; pf. ἦρμαι J 20:1; Hs 9, 5, 4 (Hom.+; he, like some later wr., has ἀείρω).① to raise to a higher place or position, lift up, take up, pick upⓐ lit., of stones (Dio Chrys. 12 [13], 2) J 8:59 (cp. Jos., Vi. 303); Rv 18:21; Hs 9, 4, 7. Fish Mt 17:27; coffin 1 Cl 25:3; hand (X., An. 7, 3, 6) Rv 10:5 (Dt 32:40). Hands, in prayer 1 Cl 29:1 (Ael. Aristid. 24, 50 K.=44 p. 840 D.; 54 p. 691; PUps 8 p. 30 no. 14 [pre-Christian] Θεογένης αἴρει τὰς χεῖρας τῷ Ἡλίῳ; Sb 1323 [II A.D.] θεῷ ὑψίστῳ καὶ πάντων ἐπόπτῃ καὶ Ἡλίῳ καὶ Νεμέσεσι αἴρει Ἀρσεινόη ἄωρος τὰς χεῖρας). But αἴ. τὴν χεῖρα ἀπό τινος withdraw one’s hand fr. someone= renounce or withdraw fr. someone B 19:5; D 4:9. Of snakes pick up Mk 16:18. κλίνην Mt 9:6. κλινίδιον Lk 5:24. κράβαττον Mk 2:9, 11f; J 5:8–12. Of a boat that is pulled on board Ac 27:17. Of a spirit that carries a person away Hv 2, 1, 1 (cp. TestAbr B 10 p. 115, 11 [Stone p. 78] of angels). Take up a corpse to carry it away AcPt Ox 849 verso, 8 (cp. TestAbr A 20 p.103, 20 [Stone p. 54]). αἴ. σύσσημον raise a standard ISm 1:2 (Is 5:26); αἴ. τινὰ τῶν ἀγκώνων take someone by one’s arms Hv 1, 4, 3. For Ac 27:13 s. 6 below.—Pass. 2 Cl 7:4. ἄρθητι (of mountains) arise Mt 21:21; Mk 11:23. ἤρθη νεκρός Ac 20:9.ⓑ fig. αἴ. τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς ἄνω look upward (in prayer, as Ps 122:1; Is 51:6 al.) J 11:41. For 10:24 s. 5 below. αἴ. φωνήν raise one’s voice, cry out loudly (1 Km 11:4; 30:4; 2 Km 3:32 al.) Lk 17:13. πρός τινα Ac 4:24.ⓐ take/carry (along) lit. w. obj. acc. σταυρόν Mt 16:24; 27:32; Mk 8:34; 15:21; Lk 9:23. ζυγόν (La 3:27) Mt 11:29. τινὰ ἐπὶ χειρῶν 4:6; Lk 4:11 (both Ps 90:12). Pass. Mk 2:3. αἴ. τι εἰς ὁδόν take someth. along for the journey 6:8; Lk 9:3, cp. 22:36. Of a gambler’s winnings Mk 15:24.—Fig. δόξαν ἐφʼ ἑαυτὸν αἴ. claim honor for oneself B 19:3.ⓑ carry away, remove lit. ταῦτα ἐντεῦθεν J 2:16 (ins [218 B.C.]: ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΑ 7, ’34, p. 179, 15 ταῦτα αἰρέσθω; Just., D. 56, 3 σκευῶν ἀρθέντων). Crucified body of Jesus 19:38; cp. vs. 31; 20:2, 13, 15; of John the Baptist Mt 14:12; Mk 6:29. A stone from a grave-opening J 11:39, 41; pass. 20:1. οἱ αἴροντες οὐκ ἀνέφερον those who took something (a mouthful) brought nothing (to their mouth) GJs 18:2 (not pap). τὸ περισσεῦον the remainder Mt 14:20; 15:37; cp. Lk 9:17. περισσεύματα Mk 8:8. κλάσματα fragments 6:43; baskets 8:19f. ζώνην take off Ac 21:11; take: τὸ σόν what belongs to you Mt 20:14; τὰ ἀρκοῦντα what was sufficient for him Hs 5, 2, 9. αἴ. τι ἐκ τῆς οἰκίας get someth. fr. the house Mk 13:15; cp. vs.16 and Mt 24:17; cp. 24:18; Lk 17:31; take (a body) from a tomb J 20:2, 13, 15; take τινὰ ἐκ τοῦ κόσμου 17:15.③ to take away, remove, or seize control without suggestion of lifting up, take away, remove. By force, even by killing: abs. ἆρον, ἆρον away, away (with him)! J 19:15 (cp. POxy 119, 10 [Dssm., LO 168; LAE 188 n. 22]; Philo, In Flacc. 144; ἆρον twice also La 2:19 v.l., in different sense). W. obj. αἶρε τοῦτον Lk 23:18; cp. Ac 21:36; 22:22. ἆραι τόν μάγον AcPl Ha 4, 35f; αἶρε τοὺς ἀθέους (s. ἄθεος 2a) MPol 3:2; 9:2 (twice); sweep away Mt 24:39; ὡς μελλούσης τῆς πόλεως αἴρεσθαι as though the city were about to be destroyed AcPl Ha 5, 17; cp. κόσμος ἔρεται (=αἴρεται) ἐμ πυρί 2, 26f. W. the connot. of force or injustice or both (Epict. 1, 18, 13; PTebt 278, 27; 35; 38 [I A.D.]; SSol 5:7): τὸ ἱμάτιον Lk 6:29; cp. vs. 30; D 1:4. τὴν πανοπλίαν all his weapons Lk 11:22; τάλαντον Mt 25:28; cp. Lk 19:24. Fig. τὴν κλεῖδα τῆς γνώσεως 11:52. Pass.: Mt 13:12; Mk 4:25; Lk 8:18; 19:26. Conquer, take over (Diod S 11, 65, 3 πόλιν) τόπον, ἔθνος J 11:48. For Lk 19:21f s. 4 below. αἴ. τὴν ψυχὴν ἀπό τινος J 10:18 (cp. EFascher, Deutsche Theol. ’41, 37–66).—Pass. ἀπὸ τῆς γῆς Ac 8:33b (Is 53:8; Just., D. 110, 6). ἀφʼ ὑμῶν ἡ βασιλεία Mt 21:43.—Of Satan τὸν λόγον τὸν ἐσπαρμένον εἰς αὐτούς Mk 4:15; cp. Lk 8:12. τὴν χαρὰν ὑμῶν οὐδεὶς αἴρει ἀφʼ ὑμῶν no one will deprive you of your joy J 16:22. ἐξ ὑμῶν πᾶσαν ὑπόκρισιν rid ourselves of all pretension B 21:4; ἀπὸ τῆς καρδίας τὰς διψυχίας αἴ. put away doubt fr. their heart Hv 2, 2, 4. αἴ. ἀφʼ ἑαυτοῦ put away fr. oneself Hm 9:1; 10, 1, 1; 10, 2, 5; 12, 1, 1. αἴ. ἐκ (τοῦ) μέσου remove, expel (fr. among) (Epict. 3, 3, 15; Plut., Mor. 519d; BGU 388 II, 23 ἆρον ταῦτα ἐκ τοῦ μέσου; PHib 73, 14; Is 57:2) 1 Cor 5:2 (v.l. ἐξαρθῇ); a bond, note, certificate of indebtedness αἴ. ἐκ τοῦ μέσου destroy Col 2:14. Of branches cut off J 15:2. Prob. not intrans., since other exx. are lacking, but w. ‘something’ supplied αἴρει τὸ πλήρωμα ἀπὸ τοῦ ἱματίου the patch takes someth. away fr. the garment Mt 9:16; cp. Mk 2:21. Remove, take away, blot out (Eur., El. 942 κακά; Hippocr., Epid. 5, 49, p. 236 pain; cp. Job 6:2; IG II, 467, 81 ζημίας; Epict. 1, 7, 5 τὰ ψευδῆ; SIG 578, 42 τ. νόμον; Pr 1:12; EpArist 215; Just., D. 117, 3) τὴν ἁμαρτίαν τ. κόσμου J 1:29, 36 v.l.; 1 J 3:5 (Is 53:12 Aq., s. PKatz, VetusT 8, ’58, 272; cp. 1 Km 15:25; 25:28). Pass. Ac 8:33a (Is 53:8); Eph 4:31. Fig. take, in order to make someth. out of the obj. 1 Cor 6:15.④ to make a withdrawal in a commercial sense, withdraw, take, ext. of 2 αἴρεις ὸ̔ οὐκ ἔθηκας Lk 19:21f (banking t.t.: JBernays, Ges. Abh. I 1885, 272f; JSmith, JTS 29, 1928, 158).⑤ to keep in a state of uncertainty about an outcome, keep someone in suspense, fig. ext. of 1 αἴ. τὴν ψυχήν τινος J 10:24 (Nicetas, De Manuele Comm. 3, 5 [MPG CXXXIX 460a]: ἕως τίνος αἴρεις, Σαρακηνέ, τὰς ψυχὰς ἡμῶν; The expr. αἴ. τὴν ψυχήν w. different mng. Ps 24:1; 85:4; 142:8; Jos., Ant. 3, 48).⑥ to raise a ship’s anchor for departure, weigh anchor, depart, ext. of 1, abs. (cp. Thu. et al.; Philo, Mos. 1, 85; Jos., Ant. 7, 97; 9, 229; 13, 86 ἄρας ἀπὸ τῆς Κρήτης κατέπλευσεν εἰς Κιλίκιαν) Ac 27:13.—Rydbeck 155f; B. 669f. DELG s.v. 1 ἀείρω. M-M. TW. -
15 ἀποκόπτω
ἀποκόπτω fut. ἀποκόψω; 1 aor. ἀπέκοψα LXX; 2 aor. 3 pl. pass. ἀπεκόπησαν Judg 5:22 cod. A; inf. ἀποκοπῆναι (s. κόπτω; Hom. et al.; pap, LXX, Philo, Joseph.) to cut so as to make a separation, cut off, cut awayⓐ of body parts (Hom. et al.; Hdt. 6, 91 χεῖρας; Diod S 17, 20, 7 ἀπέκοψε τὴν χεῖρα; Dt 25:12; Judg 1:6f; Jos., Bell. 6, 164, Vi. 177) Mk 9:43, 45 (Epict 2, 5, 24 of ἀποκόπτειν the foot ὑπὲρ τοῦ ὅλου; cp. Ael. Aristid. 48, 27 K.=24 p. 472 D.: παρατέμνειν one limb ὑπὲρ σωτηρίας of the whole body); ear J 18:10, 26 (on the implications of mutilation cp. Lev 21:16–23; BViviano, RB 96, ’89, 71–80). Private parts implied make a eunuch of, castrate (Lucian, Eunuch. 8; Cass. Dio 79, 11; Dt 23:2; Philo, Leg. All. 3, 8, Spec. Leg. 1, 325; Theoph. Ant. 3, 8 [p. 222, 3]) mid. (Epict. 2, 20, 19; §317; Rob. 809) ὄφελον καὶ ἀποκόψονται would that they might make eunuchs of themselves Gal 5:12. So interpr. by many since Chrysostom and Ambrosiaster, also PDebouxhtay, RevÉtGr 39, 1926, 323–26 (against ChBruston, ibid. 36, 1923, 193f); GDuncan, Gal ’34, 154; 161.ⓑ of noncorporal things τὰ σχοινία cut the ropes (cp. Od. 10, 127; X., Hell. 1, 6, 21; Polyaenus 5, 8, 2; 6, 8) Ac 27:32; branches κλάδους in pruning procedure Hs 8, 1, 2 Joly (ἔκοπτε W.); building-stones πολὺ δεῖ ἀπʼ αὐτῶν ἀποκοπῆναι a great deal must be cut away from them Hs 9, 9, 2.—M-M. TW. -
16 χειροκοπέω
A cut off the hand of, τινας D.S.25.3, cf.33.14, App.Hisp.68:—[voice] Pass., have one's hand or hands cut off, Str.15.1.54, Plu.2.305c.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > χειροκοπέω
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17 κόπτω
κόπτω impf. ἔκοπτον; 1 aor. ἔκοψα, mid. ἐκοψάμην; fut. mid. κόψομαι. Pass.: 2 aor. ἐκόπην (Hs 8, 1, 4); pf. ptc. κεκομμένος (Hs 8, 1, 4) (Hom.+; ins, pap, LXX; TestSol; ApcSed 7:10; Ar. 8, 2; Just.; Mel., P. 19, 128; 29, 201)① cut (off) act. (Jos., Vi. 171; Just., D. 86, 6) τὶ ἀπό (or ἔκ) τινος someth. fr. someth. (Quint. Smyrn. 11, 71 κ. τι ἀπό τινος) κλάδους ἀπὸ τ. δένδρων Mt 21:8. κλάδους ἀπὸ τῆς ἰτέας Hs 8, 1, 2; cp. 4; 8, 3, 1; 8, 4, 4f. στιβάδας ἐκ τῶν ἀγρῶν leafy branches from the fields Mk 11:8 (cp. X., Hell. 5, 2, 43; POslo 17, 7 [136 A.D.]; Is 44:14 ξύλον ἐκ τοῦ δρυμοῦ; 2 Ch 2:15; SibOr 3, 651).—Fig. πολὺ κόψετε τῶν προτέρων ὑμῶν ἁμαρτιῶν you will cut off many of your former sins Hs 6, 1, 4.② beat one’s breast as an act of mourning, mid. (Aeschyl., Pers. 683, cp. Cho. 22–31; Pla., Phd. 60b; LXX; Jos., Ant. 7, 41; s. κοπετός) κ. τὰ στήθνη beat their breasts (PGM 36, 139) GPt 8:28. Then abs. mourn (greatly) (Lucian, De Sacrific. 15; 3 Km 13:29 v.l.; Zech 7:5) Mt 24:30; GPt 7:25; (w. θρηνεῖν, q.v. 2 and 3 and Jos., Ant. 8, 273) Mt 11:17; Lk 23:27; (w. κλαίειν, q.v. 1) GPt 12:52, 54; GJs 17:2. W. cognate acc. δύο κοπετοὺς ἐκόπτετο GJs 2:1. κ. ἐπὶ σάκκου καὶ σποδοῦ mourn in sackcloth and ashes B 7:5 (the unusual use of ἐπί is prob. to be explained by the fact that the mourner sat on ashes; cp. 3:2). W. acc. foll. mourn someone (Aristoph., Lys. 396; Pla., Rep. 10, 619c; Anth. Pal. 11, 135, 1; Gen 23:2; 1 Km 25:1 al.; Jos., Ant. 13, 399) Lk 8:52; cp. 23:27; GJs 24:3. τὴν χηροσύνην … τὴν ἀτεκνίαν 2:1. Also ἐπί τινα mourn for someone (2 Km 1:12; 11:26 v.l.) Rv 1:7; 18:9.—EMartino, Morte e pianto rituale nel mondo antico, ’58, 217–20 (lit.). The principal themes of lamentation Hom., Il. 18, 22–64.—B. 553; 557. DELG. M-M. TW. -
18 ἀποστρέφω
Aἀποστράψαι SIG 244 ii 16
(Delph.); [dialect] Ion. [tense] aor.ἀποστρέψασκε Il.22.197
, etc.: [tense] pf. :—[voice] Pass. and [voice] Med., [tense] fut.- στρέψομαι X.Cyr.5.5.36
, Plu.2.387c: [tense] aor. -εστράφην [ᾰ], S.OC 1272, etc.; later- εστρεψάμην LXXHo.8.3
, prob. in Ar.Nu. 776: [tense] fut.- στρᾰφήσομαι LXXNu.25.4
, al.: [tense] pf.- έστραμμαι Hdt.1.166
, etc.: [dialect] Ion. [ per.] 3pl. [tense] plpf. - εστράφατο ibid.; (iii B.C.): — turn back: hence, either turn to flight,ὄφρ'.. Ἀχαιοὺς αὖτις ἀποστρέψῃσιν Il.15.62
, etc., cf. Hdt. 8.94; or turn back from flight, X.Cyr.4.3.1; send home again, Th.4.97, 5.75; ῥῆμα bring back word, LXX4 Ki.22.9; ἀποστρέψαντε πόδας καὶ χεῖρας having twisted back the hands and feet so as to bind them, Od.22.173, 190,cf. S.OT 1154; ;ἀποστρέφετε τὰς χεῖρας αὐτῶν, ὦ Σκύθαι Ar.Lys. 455
;ἀ. τὸν αὐχένα Hdt.4.188
; guide back again,ἀποστρέψαντες ἔβαν νέας Od.3.162
; ἴχνι' ἀποστρέψας having turned the steps of the oxen backwards so as to make it appear that they had gone the other way, h.Merc.76; turn away, avert,αὐχέν' ἀποστρέψας Thgn.858
;ἀπέστρεψ' ἔμπαλιν παρηΐδα E.Med. 1148
; butτὸ πρόσωπον πρός τινα Plu.Publ.6
; bring back, recall,ἐξ ἰσθμοῦ X.An.2.6.3
; φῶτας ἀπέστρεψεν Περσεφόνης θαλάμων [Emp.] 156.4.2 turn away or aside, divert, v.l. in Th.4.80, etc.; ὕδατα cut off water from a besieged town, Ph.Bel.97.4;τὸν Κάϋστρον SIG 839.14
([place name] Ephesus);τὸν πόλεμον ἐς Μακεδονίαν Arr.An.2.1.1
; avert a danger, an evil, etc.,πῆμ' ἀ. νόσου A.Ag. 850
([place name] Porson); prevent, Dsc. 2.136; rebut, (v. supr.);ἀ. τύχην μὴ οὐ γενέσθαι Antipho6.15
codd.;ἀ. εἰς τοὐναντίον τοὺς λόγους Pl.Sph. 239d
;τὰς πράξεις εἰς τοὺς ἀντιδίκους Arist.Rh.Al. 1442b6
.3ἀ. τινά τινος
dissuade from,X.
Eq.Mag.1.12;τινὰ ἀπὸ τοῦ λήμματος Din.2.23
;πότων ἀ. τοὺς στομάχους D.H.Dem.15
.II as if intr. (sc. ἑαυτόν, ἵππον, ναῦν, etc.), turn back, Th.6.65;ἀ. ὀπίσω Hdt.4.43
;ἀ. πάλιν S.OC 1403
.B [voice] Pass., to be turned back, ἀπεστράφθαι τοὺς ἐμβόλους, of ships, to have their beaks bent back, Hdt.1.166; ἀποστραφῆναι.. τὼ πόδε to have one's feet twisted, Ar. Pax 279; closecurled,Arist.
Phgn. 809b26.II [voice] Med. and [voice] Pass., turn oneself from or away, ; back to back,Apollod.
Poliorc.145.2: esp.,1 turn one's face away from, abandon, c. acc., Phoc.2, Sallust.3;ἐχθροῦ ἀξίωσιν Epicur. Fr. 215
;μή μ' ἀποστραφῇς S.OC 1272
;μή μ' ἀποστρέφου E.IT 801
, cf. Ar. Pax 683, X.Cyr.5.5.36, PSIl.c.;τὸ θεῖον ῥᾳδίως ἀπεστράφης E. Supp. 159
: also c. gen., : c. dat.,ἀστεφανώτοισι ἀπυστρέφονται Sapph.78
: abs.,μὴ πρὸς θεῶν.. ἀποστραφῇς S.OT 326
; ἀπεστραμμένοι λόγοι hostile words, Hdt.7.160; to be alienated,Phld.
Lib.p.80.2 turn oneself about, X.Cyr.1.4.25; ἅρματα ἀπεστραμμένα ὥσπερ εἰς φυγήν ib.6.2.17; ἀποστραφῆναι λυγιζόμενος escape by wriggling, Pl.R. 405c.3 ἀποστραφῆναί τινος fall off from one, desert him, X. HG4.8.4.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀποστρέφω
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19 τυγχάνω
Aτύγχανον Od.14.231
, ([etym.] παρετ-) Il.11.74: [tense] fut.τεύξομαι 16.609
, Od.19.314, Ar.Eq. 112, Lys.18.23 (also as [tense] fut. [voice] Med. of τεύχω): [tense] aor. 2 ἔτῠχον, [dialect] Ep. τύχον, Il.5.287, 587, etc.; [dialect] Ep. subj. τύχωμι, -ῃσι, 7.243, 11.116; later also τετύχῃσι, Max.577; late [dialect] Ep. opt.τετύχοιμι Man.3.299
: [dialect] Ep. also [tense] aor. 1ἐτύχησα Il.15.581
, al., Hes.Fr.15: [tense] pf. τετύχηκα (intr.) Od.10.88 (part. τετυχηκώς, v.l. τετυχηώς. Il.17.748), Th. 1.32, (trans.) X.Cyr.4.1.2, Isoc.3.59; later also τέτευχα, D.21.150 (cod. S), Arist.EN 1119a10, PA 647b15, freq. later, PEnteux.6.7 (iii B. C.), UPZ123.30 (ii B. C.), PStrassb.98.10 (ii B. C.), Inscr.Prien.108.287 (ii B. C.), etc.; [dialect] Dor. [tense] pf. inf. (Cos, iii B. C.); but [dialect] Ion. [tense] plpf.ἐτετεύχεε Hdt.3.14
; τέτυχα v.l. in Ep.Hebr.8.6, v.l. in J.BJ7.5.4, ([etym.] συν- ) Aristeas 180, etc.; part.τετυχώς Jahresh.29
Beibl. 163 (Stara Zagora):—[voice] Med., [tense] aor. 1 :— [voice] Pass., [tense] impf.ἐτυγχάνετο Ant.Lib.39.3
(dub.): elsewh. in compds, [tense] aor. 1 ἐτεύχθην ([etym.] ἐν-) Plb.35.6.1: [tense] pf. τέτευγμαι ([etym.] ἐπι-) Id.6.53.2.A happen to be at a place, εἴ πέρ τε τύχῃσι μάλα σχεδόν even if she be quite near, Il.11.116; μὴ σύ γε κεῖθι τύχοις may'st thou not be there, Od.12.106; ;πεδίοιο διαπρύσιον τετυχηκώς Il.17.748
(but in these last two places the meaning may be ' has been made' (though not by human agency), cf. [γαῖα] οὐδ' εὐρεῖα τέτυκται Od.13.243
;γυναικὸς ἄρ' ἀντὶ τέτυξο Il.8.163
, etc.; v. ad fin.).2 of events, and things generally, happen to one, befall one, come to one's lot, c. dat. pers., οὔνεκά μοι τύχε πολλά because much fell to me, Il.11.684;καί μοι μάλα τύγχανε πολλά Od.14.231
; , cf. Pers. 706 (troch.);οἷ' αὐτοῖς τύχοι S.Ph. 275
;εἴ τι δεσπόταισι τυγχάνει E.Alc. 138
: abs.,εἰ δ' αὖθ', ὃ μὴ γένοιτο, συμφορὰ τύχοι A.Th.5
, cf. Ag. 347, etc.;ἄριστα πρὸς τὸ τυγχάνον E.Hel. 1290
, cf. Ion 1511.b [tense] aor. part. ὁ τυχών, the first one meets, any chance person, Hes.Th. 973, Pl.R. 539d, etc.;οἱ τ.
everyday men, the vulgar,X.
Mem.3.9.10, etc.;εἷς ἦν τῶν τ. Isoc.10.21
; οὐχ ὁ τ. ἀνήρ, of Moses, Longin.9.9: so of things, τὸ τυχόν any chance result, Pl.Ti. 46e; ; οὐχ ὁ τ. λόγος no common discourse, Pl.Lg. 723e;σύνεσιν οὐ τὰν τυχοῦσαν Archim.
Spir.Praef.; οἱ τ. φόβοι trifling fears, Lycurg.37; καίπερ τὸ τ. καταβαλοῦσιν though they may have paid a trifling sum, Str.5.2.7:—Math., τυχὸν σημεῖον any point (at random), Euc.1.5, cf. 6.9; ἄλλα, ἃ ἔτυχεν, ἰσάκις πολλαπλάσια any other equimultiples taken at random, Id.5.4.3 in [ per.] 3sg. [tense] aor. or [tense] impf., impers. (sts. also pers.) in relat. clauses, as (when, where, etc.) it (he, she, etc.) happened (may happen, etc.), i. e. anyhow, at any time, place, etc., καὶ ἀρχομένοις καὶ μεσοῦσι καὶ ὅπως ἔτυχέ τῳ at the beginning, middle, or any other point, Th.5.20; ὡς ἔτυχε ζημιοῦσθαι to be penalized just anyhow, X.Mem.3.9.13; οὐχ ὡς ἔτυχεν in no ordinary manner, Men. Sam.79, BMus.Inscr.4.481*.340 (Ephesus, ii A. D.); τὴν μὲν δικαίαν, τὴν δ' ὅπως ἐτύγχανεν just anyhow, E.Hipp. 929; ἀποτετμάσθω δύο τμάματα ὡς ἔτυχεν let two segments be cut off at random, Archim. Con.Sph.24;χώρᾳ γ' ἐν ᾗ ἔτυχε X.Oec.3.3
;ὅπου ἔτυχεν Id.Cyr.8.4.3
;ὅπου ἂν τύχῃ Pl.Prt. 242e
; sometimes,Pl.
Phd. 89b; sometimes,E.
El. 1169 (lyr.); but, at any odd time, Th.1.142;ἡνίκ' ἂν τ. D.1.3
; ἂν τύχῃ, εἰ τύχοι, it may be, Pl.Cra. 430e, Hp.Mi. 367a;τὸ δέ, εἰ ἔτυχεν, οὐχ οὕτως ἔχει Id.Cra. 439c
;εἰ οὕτως ἔτυχεν Arist.Cat. 8b12
; mere chance,Pl.
Phlb. 28d: with attraction of the relat. Pron.,τὸ οἷς ἔτυχε προσκρούειν Plu.Cic.27
;ὡμίλει ᾧ τύχοι Plb.26.1.3
;ὧν ἔτυχε πιμπλάμενος Luc.Vit.Auct.9
; οὐδὲ γὰρ ὧν ἔτυχ' ἦν they were not just any acts, D.18.130.b c. acc. et inf.,ἔτυχε ὄμβρον συνεργῆσαι Plu.Alc.28
, cf. Ael.NA5.6; ἔτυχεν ὥστε .. D.C.39.12.4 sts. the Verb agrees in person and number with the subject of the principal clause, perhaps by assimilation, ἀπαίροντες ἀπὸ τῆς Πελοποννήσου ὁπόθεν τύχοιεν, for ὁπόθεν τύχοι, Th.4.26, cf. 93, 5.56, 7.70, Pl.Tht. 179c; ὅ τι ἂν τύχωσι, τοῦτο λέγουσι they say just anything, Id.Prt. 353a;ὅ τι ἂν τύχωσι, τοῦτο πράξουτιν Id.Cri. 45d
, cf. Grg. 522c, Smp. 181b; ;ὡς ἐτύγχανον ἕκαστοι, ηὐλίζοντο X.An.2.2.17
, cf. 3.1.3;τάχ' ἄν, εἰ τύχοιεν, σωφρονέστεροι γένοιντο D.15.16
;δουλεύειν μᾶλλον ἢ μεθ' ὁποτέρου ἂν τύχωσι τούτων ἐλευθέρους εἶναι Th.8.48
; πρὸς ὀργὴν ἥν τινα τύχητε ἔστιν ὅτε σφαλέντες τὴν τοῦ πείσαντος μίαν γνώμην ζημιοῦτε yielding to the impulse of the moment, Id.3.43; Ra. 945: with attraction of the relat. Pron.,οὓς ἂν τύχῃς ἐπαινῶν Isoc.12.206
.5 neut. part. τυχόν, used abs. like ἐξόν, παρόν, etc., since it so befell,οὕτως τ. Luc.Symp.43
.b as Adv., perchance, perhaps, Isoc.4.171, X.An.6.1.20, Pl.Alc.2.140a, 150c, D.18.221, 21.41, Men.Pk. 184, 1 Ep.Cor.16.6;τ. ἴσως Epich.277
, E.Fr.953.9, Men. Epit. 287, Plb.2.58.9; τυχὸν μὲν.., τυχὸν δὲ .. Arr.An.1.10.6, etc.II joined with the part. of another Verb to express a coincidence, τύχησε γὰρ ἐρχομένη νηῦς a ship happened to be, i. e. was just then, starting, Od.14.334;ξεῖνος ἐὼν ἐτύχησε παρ' ἱπποδάμοισι Γερηνοῖς Hes.Fr.15.3
, cf. Semon.7.19, Pi.N.1.49;πρυτανεία ἣ ἂν τυγχάνῃ πρυτανεύουσα IG12.63.27
, cf. 52; τὰ νοέων τυγχάνω what I happen to have, i.e. have at this moment, in my mind, Hdt. 1.88, cf. 8.65,68.ά; ἐτετεύχεε ἐπισπόμενος Id.3.14
; ὃ τυγχάνω μαθών which I have just learnt, S.Tr. 370; παρὼν ἐτύγχανον I was by just then, Id.Aj. 748; τυγχάνει καθεύδων he is sleeping just now, Ar.V. 336 (troch.); ἔτυχον στρατευόμενοι they were just then engaged in an expedition, Th.1.104; ἔτυχε κατὰ τοῦτο καιροῦ ἐλθών he came just at this point of time, Id.7.2; ἥτις δέ τοι μάλιστα σωφρονεῖν δοκεῖ, αὕτη μέγιστα τυγχάνει λωβωμένη she is just the one who.., Semon.7.109; but freq. τυγχάνω cannot be translated at all, esp. in phrase τυγχάνω ὤν, which is simply = εἰμί, S.Aj.88, Ar.Pl.35, Pl.Prt. 313c, etc.2 the part. ὤν is sts. omitted, ; εἴ σοι χαρτὰ τυγχάνει τάδε ib. 1457; νῦν δ' ἀγροῖσι τυγχάνει ib. 313;ἔνδον γὰρ ἄρτι τυγχάνει Id.Aj.9
;εἴ τις εὔνους τυγχάνει Ar.Ec. 1141
;εἰ σὺ τυγχάνεις ἐπιστήμων τούτων Pl.Prt. 313e
, cf. Grg. 502b, R. 369b, al.: sts. τυγχάνειν is used much like εἶναι, Σωτὴρ γένοιτ' ἂν Ζεὺς ἐπ' ἀσπίδος τυχών A.Th. 520; οὐκ ἀποδάμου τυχόντος not being absent, Pi.P.4.5 (cf. τόσσαις); ποῦ χρὴ τηνικαῦτα τυγχάνειν; E.IA 730
; τ. ἐν ἐμπύροις to be engaged in.., Id.Andr. 1113; freq. in Arist., , cf. 1289b16, Top. 151b11; also in later Gr.,τὰ ἑπτάμηνα γόνιμα τυγχάνειν Sor.1.55
, cf. 69, al.;νέος πάνυ τυγχάνων PLips. 40 ii 7
(iv A. D.), etc.:—Phryn.244 rejects this usage in Attic.b τυγχάνον, = τὸ ἐκτὸς ὑποκείμενον, the external reality, e. g. αὐτὸς ὁ Δίων as distd. both from the word ([etym.] φωνή) Δίων and its meaning, Stoic.2.48.c τὰ πράγματα τυγχάνοντα καλοῦσι (sc. οἱ Στωϊκοί) , τέλος γὰρ τὸ τυχεῖν τούτων, ib.77.3 later c. inf., τυγχάνομεν ἐπιδεδωκέναι we happen to have handed in.., we have just handed in.., PTeb.796.13 (ii B. C.), cf. PSI10.1118.8 (i A. D.), 1.39.4 (ii A. D.), Heliod. et Antyll. ap. Orib.44.8.21, 25, 44.23.21, Gal. 18(2).394.B gain one's end or purpose, succeed,οὐκ ἐτύχησεν ἑλίξας Il. 23.466
;εἰ τύχῃ τις ἔρδων Pi.N.7.11
, cf. 55; τὸ τυχεῖν, = νίκη, Id.O.2.51;πείθειν.. τυγχάνειν θ' ἅμα E.Hec. 819
;εἰ τύχοιμεν Th.4.63
; τυχόντες if successful, opp. σφαλέντες, Id.3.39, cf. 82, Pi.P.10.62;τυγχάνουσι καὶ ἀποτυγχάνουσι Arist.Po. 1450a3
;ὀρθῶς πράττειν καὶ τ. Pl.Euthd. 280a
; gain one's request, Hdt.1.213 (so τυχόντα γνώμης in Th.3.42); in speaking, to be right,τί νιν καλοῦσα.. τύχοιμ' ἄν; A.Ag. 1233
, cf. Ch.14, 317 (lyr.), S.Ph. 223, OC 1580; (lyr.):—[voice] Pass., impers., αὐτῷ πρὸς τὸ ἔργον οὐδὲν ἐτυγχάνετο nothing went right, dub. in Ant.Lib. 39.3:—in part. τυχήσας or τυχών, combined with νύξε, βάλε, οὖτα, etc., pierce, wound, etc., successfully, so that the whole phrase means hit,ἔγχεϊ νύξε κατὰ κληῗδα τυχήσας Il.5.579
, cf. 858, 12.394; βάλε δουρὶ κατὰ ζωστῆρα τυχήσας ib. 189; , cf. 5.98, 582, 13.371, 397, Od.19.452, al.; also conversely,θηρητὴρ ἐτύχησε βαλών Il.15.581
;βαλὼν τύχω Hdt.3.35
; also apart from such combinations, hit, c. gen.,προβιβάντος Il.16.609
;μηρίνθοιο 23.857
;τ. τοῦ σκοποῦ Pl.Lg. 717b
, cf. R. 523b, Th.2.35, X.An.3.2.19, Ap.1: c. dupl. gen.,εἰ.. τοῦ παιδὸς.. τύχω μέσης τῆς καρδίης Hdt. 3.35
: abs.,ἤμβροτες οὐδ' ἔτυχες Il.5.287
;αἰ κε τύχωμι 7.243
, Od.22.7.II hit upon, light upon:1 meet, fall in with persons, Αακεδαίμονι.. τυχήσας having met [him] in Lacedaemon, Od.21.13: c. gen., ; τριακτῆρος ib. 172 (lyr.);ἀγαθῶν ἀνδρῶν Lys.2.5
;γυναικῶν X.Smp.9.7
: with a predicate added,μή τευ μελαμπύγου τύχῃς Archil.110
;προφρόνων Μοισᾶν τ. Pi.I.4(3).43(61)
;θεῶν ἀμεινόνων τ. E.Heracl. 351
;ἐμοῦ.. οἰκητοῦ S.OT 1450
, cf. 677;ἡμῶν τ. οἵων σε χρή E.Hel. 1300
, cf. Lys.18.23;ἐρωτᾶτε αὐτοὺς ὁποίων τινῶν ἡμῶν ἔτυχον X.An.5.5.15
;τοῦ δαίμονος.. κακοδαίμονος Ar.Eq. 112
.2 light on a thing,τύχε γάρ ἀμάθοιο βαθείης Il.5.587
; attain, obtain a thing, c. gen.,πομπῆς καὶ νόστοιο Od.6.290
;αἰδοῦς Thgn.253
, cf. 256; [ οἴκτου] A.Pr. 241;ξυγγνώμης Th.7.15
; ; of meeting with misfortunes, βίης τυχεῖν meet with, suffer violence, Hdt.9.108; τραυμάτων, κακῶν, A.Ag. 866, E.Hec. 1280; δίκης, κρίσεως, Pl.Grg. 472d, Phdr. 249a, cf. Lg. 869b: abs., have the lot or fate,ἄλλος μὲν ἀποφθίσθω ἄλλος δὲ βιώτω, ὅς κε τύχῃ Il.8.430
; (where τὴν is governed by αἰτήσας).b after Hom. also c. acc. of neut. Adj. or Pron.,τὰ πρόσφορα A.Ch. 711
, cf. Eu.30, S.OC 1106, Ph. 509 (lyr.), E.Med. 758, Hec.51: later the acc. is used more freely,τ. ἐπίστασιν Sammelb.5235.15
(i A. D.); (ii A. D.);βοήθειαν PGoodsp.Cair.15.14
(iv A. D.); (iv A. D.); .c after either case a gen. pers. may be added, obtain a thing from a person,ὧν δέ σου τυχεῖν ἐφίεμαι S.Ph. 1315
;σου τοῦτο τ. Id.OC 1168
; or the pers. may be added with a Prep.,τ. ἐπαίνου ἔκ τινος Id.Ant. 665
;παρὰ σεῖο τ. φιλότητος Od.15.158
;τιμίαν ἕδραν παρ' ἀνδρῶν A.Eu. 856
(dub.);αἰδοῦς ὑπό τινος X.Cyr.1.6.10
, cf. Mem.4.8.10, etc.: abs.,χρὴ πρὸς μακάρων τυγχάνοντ' εὖ πασχέμεν Pi.P.3.104
.d c. inf.,οἶμαί σου τεύξεσθαι μεθεῖναί με Pl.Phlb. 50d
;ἐὰν ψαῦσαι τοῦ νεκροῦ τύχωμεν Plu.Pel.33
; οὐ τυχὼν ἐπιδείξειν ( = ἐπιδεῖξαι ) not having succeeded in proving, PPetr.3p.153 (iii B. C.). (Τυ-γ-χ-άνω, with ἐτύχησα, τετύχηκα, is formed from the [tense] aor. τυχ-εῖν, which was orig. the [tense] aor. [voice] Pass. (with act. form) of τεύχω 'make'; ἔτυχε = factum est, as ἔτραφον = I was nourished (v. τρέφω); senses A.1.1-3 are the oldest and are parallel toτεύχω 11
(esp.[voice] Pass.); many of the forms belong equally to both verbs; τιτύσκομαι like wise belongs to both verbs; τ (ε) υχ- from Θ (ε) υχ-, cf. ἀποθύσκειν, ἐνθύσκει, συνθύξω, and perh. Germ. taugen 'to be capable, useful', Engl. dow, doughty.)Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > τυγχάνω
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20 κνάπτω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `card, comb, full (cloth)' as thechnical term, also metaph. `mangle, tear' in gen. (IA)Other forms: rarely κνάμπτω, cf. γνάμπτω and Güntert Reimwortbildungen 115f.), young Att., hell., also Ion. γνάπτω,Derivatives: Young Att. γν- for κν- (here not noted): κνάφος m. `teasel of the fuller', also `bur(r), folter-instrument' (Hdt., Hp., Com.) with κναφεύς `fuller' (IA.), also as fish-name (Dorio; on the motive Strömberg Fischnamen 93); κναφεῖον, -ήϊον `fuller's shop' (IA.), κναφευτική ( τέχνη) `art of fulling' (Pl.), κναφεύω `full' (Ar.) and, as late feminine formation, κνάφισσα `fuller-ess' (pap.; Chantraine Formation 110); κναφικός `belonging to fulling' (Dsc., pap.). - γνάψις `fulling' (Pl.), γνάπτωρ = κναφεύς (Man.). - γνάφαλλον `flocken, cushion of wool' (pap. a. ostr.) with γναφαλ(λ)ώδης `γ.-like', γναφάλλιον, - αλλίς plant-name, `Diotis maritima' (Dsc., Plin.; Strömberg Pflanzennamen 105); also κνέφαλλον `cushion' (com., E.; vv. ll. κναφ-, γναφ-) and γνόφαλλον (Alc. Ζ 14, 8; beside μόλθακον). - Verbal adj.: ἄ-γναπτος (Pl. com., Plu.) and ἄ-γναφος (NT, pap.) `unfulled, new', ἐπί-γναφος (: ἐπι-γνάπτω) `fulled again', of clothes (Poll.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Cf. κναίω, κνῆν, κνίζω, κνύω (s. vv.) with ending as in ῥάπτω, σκάπτω, ἅπτω etc.; κνάφος as ῥαφή etc. The forms with γν- cannot be explained as Greek, so they point to Pre-Greek; cf. Schwyzer 414 (who unconvincingly takes κνάπτω as assimilated from γνάπτω. Note the typical ο for α in γνόφαλλον bei Alc. ( κνέφαλλον cannot be old ablaut (cf. Persson Beitr. 1, 139f., Schwyzer 343). - As non-Greek cognate one cites a Celtic word for `fleece', e. g. Welsh cnaif (s. Vendryes WuS 12, 243); other forms in Germanic and Baltic are semantically further off, e. g. OWNo. * hnafa, pret. hnof `cut off' (with gemination hneppa `pinch, press'), Lith. knabénti `pick in, off', s. Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. knablỹs. The variation κ\/γ, α\/ο shows quite clearly Pre-Greek origin. (Not in Fur.) S. further κνήφη and κνώψ.Page in Frisk: 1,881-882Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κνάπτω
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